The present systematic review article is aimed at describing radiological methods utilized for human identification in forensic dentistry. For this purpose, a literature review was undertaken, and out of 45 papers, 19 were selected in accordance with inclusion criteria. Several radiological techniques can be used to assist in both individual and general identification, including determination of gender, ethnic group and, mainly, age. The analysis of ante-mortem and post-mortem radiographic and tomographic images has become an essential tool for human identification in forensic dentistry, particularly with the refinement of techniques resulting from developments in the field of the radiology itself as well as the incorporation of information technology resources to the technique. It can be concluded that, based on an appropriate knowledge on the available methods, forensic dentists can choose the best method to achieve a successful identification with a careful application of the technique and accurate interpretation of data.

Keywords: Radiology, Forensic dentistry, Human identification

OBJECTIVE: The present study was aimed at evaluating the possibility of a radiological study of the lumbar spine determining the correct identification of an individual despite the changes associated with aging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study sample included 60 pairs of lumbar spine radiographic images of both male and female, adult patients of different ages, acquired at different times, at three-year minimum intervals. The pairs of images were mixed up so two experienced radiologists could put them back together. The vertebrae of each pair were compared for similarities and differences in anatomical details. Pairing criteria adopted were finding a specific anatomical variation or detail, or finding two or more similarities among anatomical details, with no point of divergence. RESULTS: Correct pairing of radiographs of the whole sample was achieved by both observers, who presented countless coincidence points in their analyses. The statistical analysis demonstrated a good-to-perfect interobserver agreement. CONCLUSION: Comparison between radiographic images of lumbar spine can determine a correct identification of individuals, despite changes associated with aging. Therefore, radiography represents a potential tool to be utilized in forensic identification studies.

Keywords: Radiographic comparison, Identification, Forensic anthropology