The evaluation of film processing using the STEP test (sensitometric test for the evaluation of processing) is based on the identification of significant deviations in the processor-chemicals-film system. Ideal processing conditions are established for this type of evaluation. A standard film is processed according to the manufacturer's recommendations, i.e. standard processing at 100. The film is exposed to the light of a calibrated sensitometer and the sensitometric steps are read with the use of a densitometer. A standard curve (OD × STEP) is therefore obtained. The percentual deviation should be lower than 20% compared to the standard curve. This method is useful to identify processing problems. We tested processors from several public/university hospitals and found that approximately 33% of the equipments had inadequate processing conditions.

Keywords: Automatic processors, Radiographic films, Sensitometry, STEP test

Quality control of automatic processors is an important issue in the implementation of quality assurance programs in diagnostic radiology. A pilot program of quality control for automatic processors using the sensitometric method was implemented in the Radiodiagnosis Service of a University Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. An initial survey of the darkrooms showed that they had high temperature and humidity and several light leaks; fog levels were excessively high requiring an increase in mAs of up to 24% to compensate for contrast loss; dry to dry processing time was out of control with errors of up to 56%; developer temperature was as high as 39°C (4°C higher than the recommended by the manufacturers); replenishment rates presented values as high as 417% above manufacturer's recommendations; and rejection rates of radiographic films were of the order of 21% in the mammography service. Sensitometric measurements performed before the implementation of the quality control showed values of base + fog as high as 0.24 optical density and speed and contrast outside recommended limits. The radiographic films presented several artifacts that resulted in low quality images. The pilot program consisted of the implementation of the quality control in the mammography service. Several initiatives were taken including training of the technicians, improvement of maintenance of the processors and increase in the number of patients/day from 7 to 12. This procedure allowed replenishment rates to be lowered to acceptable levels. The implementation of the quality control maintained chemical products stable keeping the sensitometric parameters under control. However, the most significant result of the program was better image quality, free from artifacts, a significant reduction in costs to the hospital and especially lower doses imparted to the patients due to the reduction in rejection rates to 7.7%.

Keywords: Quality control, Automatic processors, Sensitometric method