Multislice computed tomography is currently the imaging modality of choice for evaluating paranasal sinuses and adjacent structures. Such a method has been increasingly utilized in the assessment of anatomical variations, allowing their accurate identification with high anatomical details. Some anatomical variations may predispose to sinusal diseases, constituting areas of high risk for injuries and complications during surgical procedures. Therefore, the recognition of such variations is critical in the preoperative evaluation for endoscopic surgery.

Keywords: Multislice computed tomography; Paranasal sinuses; Anatomical variations.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and the leading cause of cancer death among the female population. Extramammary findings related to breast cancer play an important role in the prognosis and treatment of such entity and the correct diagnosis of such alterations is essential for increasing the chance of cure. Most of the times, such manifestations result from complications arising from treatment, and may be associated with lymph node involvement, locoregional recurrence or distant metastasis.

Keywords: Multislice computed tomography; Staging; Breast cancer; Extramammary changes.

Congenital upper urinary tract abnormalities imply a variable clinical spectrum of morphofunctional changes ranging from asymptomatic conditions to renal failure and incompatibility with life. Computed tomography, which has overcome excretory urography imaging, has been playing a key role in the diagnosis of congenital anomalies, serving as a better guidance in the therapeutic and surgical decision-making process, besides acting as an essential tool in the identification of associated complications and aiding in the performance of minimally invasive surgery techniques.

Keywords: Congenital abnormalities; Urinary tract; Multislice computed tomography.

Renal cystic lesions are usually diagnosed in the radiologists' practice and therefore their characterization is crucial to determine the clinical approach to be adopted and prognosis. The Bosniak classification based on computed tomography findings has allowed for standardization and categorization of lesions in increasing order of malignancy (I, II, IIF, III and IV) in a simple and accurate way. The present iconographic essay developed with multidetector computed tomography images of selected cases from the archives of the authors' institution, is aimed at describing imaging findings that can help in the diagnosis of renal cysts.

Keywords: Bosniak classification; Renal cysts; Multidetector computed tomography.

The disease caused by the new coronavirus (COVID-19) was restricted to China but quickly spread to other Asian countries and later to the Western countries, categorized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Its diagnosis is primarily dependent on viral detection in the airways. The available kits are, however, limited, do not have high sensitivity and their result takes time. In this scenario, computed tomography emerges as an efficient and available method with high sensitivity. It is up to us radiologists to readily recognize the findings related to this disease. The aim of this article is to demonstrate the main tomographic findings in symptomatic respiratory patients infected with COVID-19 in order to assist colleagues in this critical moment.

Keywords: Coronavirus; COVID-19; Multislice computed tomography.

As they are asymptomatic or have a nonspecific, anatomical variations of the ribs are usually detected as incidental findings on imaging studies. They may be isolated changes or can be related to anomalies or clinical syndromes. Such variations are easily overlooked on conventional radiography and computed tomography if they are not actively investigated, mainly because most indications for a chest X-ray studies aim to evaluate the lung parenchyma and mediastinal structures. The objective of this pictorial essay was to use multislice computed tomography images to illustrate the imaging aspects of the main anatomical variations and congenital anomalies of the ribs.

Keywords: Ribs; Anatomical variation; Multislice computed tomography.

Radiotherapy plays a central role in the palliative and curative treatment of neoplasms of the chest wall or intrathoracic structures. However, despite technical advances, radiotherapy can alter previously normal organs and tissues, those alterations presenting as various types of imaging findings. Post-radiation alterations must be promptly recognized by radiologists, in order to avoid confusion between complications of radiotherapy and the recurrence of a tumor. This pictorial essay aims to illustrate different thoracic changes after radiotherapy.

Keywords: Radiotherapy; Tomography, X-ray computed; Magnetic resonance imaging; Diagnostic imaging; Thoracic neoplasms.