OBJECTIVE: To evaluate technical factors involved in posteroanterior chest radiography in standard patients, and correlating them with entrance surface air kerma rate and with the clinical images quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was developed at three hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, involving a total of five x-ray rooms, with ten patients per room. The images were evaluated by the radiologists of the institutions, in accordance with the European protocol. The estimation of surface entrance air kerma rate was based on the x-ray equipment output curve obtained with an ionization chamber coupled with an electrometer. Variance analysis was performed to evaluate the significance of the difference between entrance surface air kerma rates. RESULTS: Entrance surface air kerma rates ranged between 0.05 and 0.26 mGy, with a mean value 60% lower than the reference level established by the Order (Portaria) 453. Among the images evaluated, 98% fulfilled > 65% of the images quality criteria. CONCLUSION: For a standard image quality that is acceptable for diagnosis purposes, a significant variation was observed in the entrance surface air kerma rate for standard patients, demonstrating the lack of technical factors standardization and a potential for decreasing the entrance surface air kerma rate.

Keywords: Reference levels, Optimization, Quality, Radiographic techniques