OBJECTIVE: To propose a model of a program of medical residence in radiology and diagnostic imaging comprising theoretical and practical training. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The program was based on a literature review and critical analysis, following recommendations from Colégio Brasileiro de Radiologia e Diagnóstico por Imagem (Brazilian College of Radiology and Image Diagnosis) and Comissão Nacional de Residência Médica (National Commission for Medical Residency), and based on the program of Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. RESULTS: The present proposal has been developed for a three-year-duration program divided into modules by subspecialties or diagnostic methods. Objectives have been described and targeted proficiencies specified. Evaluation models have been presented and discussed. CONCLUSION: Changes in the current teaching-learning model have become necessary because of the increasing information availability and fast technological development in the latest years. The hierarchical organization of the knowledge acquisition process with essential programmatic contents allows an appropriate education of the future specialist. It is anticipated that the present proposal may contribute to improve the medical residency programs, thus stimulating the implementation of a countrywide model.

Keywords: Medical residency, Radiology, Imaging diagnosis, Medical education