Objective: To analyze the Brazilian technological innovation in the field of radiology and imaging diagnosis, in terms of patent indicators. Materials and Methods: Exploratory analytical study of information retrieved through cross queries in databases of intellectual property offices in Brazil (State Industrial Property Office [Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial – INPI]), United States (United States Patent and Trademark Office – USPTO) and Europe (European Patent Office – EPO). Results: There were 277,057 patents in the field of radiology and imaging diagnosis. Of this total, 7,800 were registered at INPI (3%), 65,428 (24%) registered at the EPO and 203,829 (73%) issued by USPTO. Brazil is a signatory to 1,732 patents published by the INPI, 80 by the EPO and 26 by the USPTO. Overall, 219,993 (79%) patents were related to electronic devices strongly linked to information technology in health care, ultrasonography, tomography, magnetic resonance imaging procedures as well as to images generation, communication and archiving, and 57,064 patents (21%) dealt with technologies related to radiation protection and dosimetry, nuclear physics, electrotherapy, magnetic therapy and radiotherapy. Conclusion: The results indicate the weakness of the domestic production of patented technological innovation in the field of radiology and imaging diagnosis.

Keywords: Medical education; Science and technology; Technological innovation; Intellectual property; Research.