OBJECTIVE: A second medical opinion can aid in the investigation of a health problem as well as in the definition of the therapeutic approach. The present study is aimed at demonstrating a process of second medical opinion by means of a web-based multispecialty system adapted for radiology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The system was utilized by 49 residents at Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil, who gave their medical opinion on 52 second opinion requests. Questionnaires were utilized as an evaluation tool. RESULTS: A total of 1704 medical second opinions were evaluated and 514 (29.1%) of them were defined as satisfactory. In 64.4% of cases, the answers of the questionnaires indicated that the images quality did not affect the diagnosis. On average, 6 minutes and 26 seconds was the time required to issue a remote second medical opinion. CONCLUSION: A process of second medical opinion by means of a web-based multispecialty system adapted for radiology has shown to be an excellent tool in the management of therapeutic approaches.

Keywords: Telemedicine, Remote consultation, Referral and consultation, Radiology, Imaging diagnosis

OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of the unenhanced phase of abdominal computed tomography in patients without a definite diagnosis or undergoing tumor staging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective and transversal study was developed with 100 consecutive patients submitted to unenhanced and contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography. Two observers evaluated all the computed tomography images in the contrast-enhanced phase (first analysis) and, later, in the unenhanced phase (second analysis) in an attempt to establish the primary and secondary diagnoses as a function of the clinical indication for the study. The frequency of changes in the diagnoses resulting from a combined analysis of the images in the pre- and post-contrast phases was evaluated. Cases with changes in the diagnosis were reviewed by clinical specialists for determining possible changes in the therapeutic approach. RESULTS: Primary and secondary diagnoses were changed in respectively 1 and 18 cases (p = 1.000; p = 0.143) as follows: steatosis, adrenal nodules, nephrolithiasis, renal cysts and hepatic calcification. In the cases where the unenhanced phase changed the diagnosis, the specialists changed the therapeutic approach in 14 of the 19 patients (73%) (p = 0.038). CONCLUSION: No significant change was observed in the primary or secondary diagnosis as a result of the findings in the unenhanced phase. However, changes in secondary diagnoses affected the therapeutic approach adopted by the specialists.

Keywords: Computed tomography, Contrast media, Abdomen

OBJECTIVE: To assess the non-radiologist physicians' knowledge on the use of ionizing radiation in imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study utilizing an anonymous questionnaire responded by physicians in clinical and surgical specialties, divided into two parts as follows: one including questions about the physicians' characteristics, frequency of imaging studies requests and participation in professional updating events, and another part including multiple choice questions approaching general knowledge about radiation, optimization principles and radioprotection. RESULTS: From a total of 309 questionnaires, 120 (38.8%) were responded, 50% by physicians in surgical specialties and 50% in clinical specialties; respectively 45% and 2.5% of physicians responded that magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography use ionizing radiation. Overall, the average grade was higher for surgical specialists with no significant difference, except for the question about exposure in pregnant women (p = 0.047). Physicians who are professionally updated, particularly those attending clinical meetings (p = 0.050) and participating in teaching activities (p = 0.047), showed statistically superior knowledge about ionizing radiation as compared with others. CONCLUSION: The non-radiologist physicians' knowledge is heterogeneous and in some points needs to be improved. Multidisciplinary clinical meetings and teaching activities are important ways to disseminate information on the subject.

Keywords: Ionizing radiation; Knowledge; Physicians; Imaging diagnosis; Radiation protection; Questionnaire.