The authors present a review and iconographic study of patients with disseminated paracoccidioidomycosis, including the main radiographic findings seen in the central nervous system, adrenal glands, osteoarticular system, lymph nodes and digestive tract. Imaging diagnostic methods have allowed a more precise approach of these patients due to their high sensitivity in detecting lesions, even in asymptomatic patients. In most cases these abnormalities are unspecific, simulating either neoplasic or chronic infectious lesions, and sometimes difficult to distinguish from tuberculosis. Although these findings are nonspecific and only the mycologic and histologic fungus demonstration can confirm the diagnosis, they may suggest a presumptive one, when these imaging findings are considered in an appropriate clinical and epidemiological setting.

Keywords: Paracoccidioidomycosis, Central nervous system, Adrenals, Osteoarticular, Digestive, Lymph nodes

The melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy, also known as progonoma, is a rare benign disease of neural crest origin that occurs within the first year of life and affects mainly the maxilla. The authors report a case of a 10-month-old child presenting with this uncommon tumor in the maxilla, emphasizing the diagnostic findings on computed tomography, and present a literature review.

Keywords: Neoplasia, Neural crest, Maxilla, Infancy, Computed tomography