OBJECTIVE: To assess the performance of radionuclide calibrators in 55 Brazilian nuclear medicine services in the measurement of 99Tc m radiopharmaceutical activity. Proficiency tests were applied to data sets with 63 results originated from the comparison program developed by Laboratório Nacional de Metrologia das Radiações Ionizantes of Instituto de Radioproteção e Dosimetria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The calibrators' performance was evaluated in compliance with the acceptance criterion of ±10% accuracy required by the Brazilian standards and also the criteria established by the ISO/IEC Guide 43-1, and classified as either "acceptable" or "non-acceptable". The samples of 99Tc m utilized in the comparison were supplied by some of the participants and calibrated at Laboratório Nacional de Metrologia das Radiações Ionizantes for determining the activity reference value. RESULTS: The present study utilizing 99Tc m has shown that 82.5% of the calibrators were considered as acceptable according to the Brazilian standards, while by the criteria established by ISO/IEC 43-1, 81.0% were considered as acceptable. On the other hand, radionuclide calibrators with Geiger-Müller detectors presented unsatisfactory performance when compared with calibrators with ionization chambers. CONCLUSION: The performance evaluation based on the ISO/IEC 43-1 criteria, which are applied to analytical laboratories, in spite of being more restrictive, has demonstrated to be quite consistent with the accuracy criterion established by the Brazilian standard.

Keywords: Proficiency test, Radionuclide calibrator, Nuclear medicine, 99Tc m