Interventional radiology has advanced significantly in recent decades, enhancing quality of life with treatments that are safer and less invasive. Despite these benefits, public awareness about vascular procedures remains limited, which affects the adoption of these therapeutic interventions by patients and physicians alike. Behavioral science theories, such as the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the technology acceptance model (TAM), offer a robust framework to address this gap by shaping patient health-seeking behaviors. The TPB examines how attitudes, norms, and perceived control influence behavior, whereas the TAM focuses on technology acceptance based on ease of use and usefulness. Attitudes reflect opinions, subjective norms indicate social pressure, and perceived control relates to confidence in performing the behavior. Applying these models can improve patient acceptance and health care outcomes. Collectively, these models are instrumental frameworks in medical innovation, offering a systematic approach to evaluating and promoting the acceptance of new technologies. As health care continues to evolve, with rapid technological advancements, this narrative review underscores the potential role of these models in facilitating the successful integration of medical innovations, enhancing patient care, and optimizing health care practices.

Keywords: Vascular surgical procedures; Radiology, interventional; Behavior therapy; Educational technology; Diffusion of innovation; Quality improvement.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold-standard imaging modality for evaluating perianal fistulas, playing a pivotal role in characterizing fistula anatomy and guiding optimal surgical strategies. Appropriate preoperative MRI assessment can significantly reduce recurrence rates and minimize the risk of complications, such as fecal incontinence. This article reviews the most relevant information that an MRI report should contain to aid effective surgical decision-making for perianal fistulas. These features influence therapeutic choices, including decisions regarding the suitability of techniques like fistulotomy, ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT), video-assisted anal fistula treatment (VAAFT), fistula-tract laser closure (FiLaC), and advancement flaps. The emerging role of three-dimensional (3D) modeling from MRI data is also discussed, highlighting its potential to enhance surgeons’ spatial understanding of complex fistulous anatomy, thereby improving surgical planning, reducing operative time, and ultimately improving outcomes. However, the generation of accurate 3D models depends on meticulous image segmentation and interpretation by experienced radiologists. Future research directions, including the integration of 3D models with intraoperative navigation and standardized assessment of inflammatory activity, are also addressed in this review.

Keywords: Rectal fistula/diagnostic imaging; Anal canal/surgery; Magnetic resonance imaging; Imaging, three-dimensional; Colorectal surgery.

In May 2025, the World Health Assembly adopted Resolution WHA78.13, formally recognizing medical imaging as a fundamental pillar of universal health coverage. Brazil, as a co-sponsor of the Resolution, plays a decisive role in promoting equitable access to imaging services throughout Latin America. This article explores the implications of the resolution for Brazil, highlighting its leadership and the need to address regional disparities in imaging infrastructure and workforce distribution. On the basis of data from the 2025 Atlas of Radiology in Brazil, the article highlights the unequal distribution of radiologists and imaging equipment, especially in underserved areas. Strategic priorities for regional action are outlined, including workforce development, infrastructure investments, and public policy integration. The Brazilian College of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging is positioned to participate in national efforts, advocating for medical imaging as a public health priority. By aligning national initiatives with global strategies and embracing innovation, Brazil and Latin America can transform diagnostic equity and improve health outcomes.

Keywords: Diagnostic imaging; Delivery of health care/organization & administration; Health personnel/organization & administration; Global health; Health policy; World Health Organization; Radiology/statistics & numerical data; Brazil.