525
View
Open Access Peer-Reviewed|
ARTIGO ORIGINAL

Achados de ultrassom para o diagnóstico de atresia biliar em neonatos

Ultrasound findings for the diagnosis of biliary atresia in neonates

Elazir Barbosa Mota Di Puglia1,a; Pedro Augusto Nascimento Daltro2,3,b; Heron Werner Junior2,c; Miriam Menna Barreto1,d; Flávia Angélica Ferreira Francisco1,e; Sérgio Ferreira Alves Junior1,f; Ivonete Siviero1,g; Claudia Renata S. Paio Rezende1,4,h; Edson Marchiori1,i

DOI: 10.1590/0100-3984.2024.0102
e20240102
Publicado em: 17 de Abril de 2025

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Investigar e analisar os principais achados de imagem no ultrassom de abdome de pacientes com atresia de vias biliares.
MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de 44 pacientes com quadro de colestase neonatal. Foram excluídos do estudo 18 pacientes que não tiveram diagnóstico final de atresia de vias biliares confirmado ou que se perderam acompanhamento clínico. Os principais achados no ultrassom foram: eixo longitudinal e morfologia da vesícula biliar, caracterizados pela ausência da mucosa hiperecogênica e seus contornos irregulares; cordão hiperecogênico; artéria hepática calibrosa; fluxo arterial subcapsular; cisto no porta hepatis; imagens lineares e hipoecoicas no interior do cordão hiperecogênico; e síndrome da poliesplenia.
RESULTADOS: Morfologia da vesícula biliar esteve presente em todos os pacientes estudados. Os principais achados no ultrassom foram alterações morfológicas na vesícula biliar e cordão hiperecogênico. Artéria hepática calibrosa foi o terceiro achado mais frequente, presente em 19 pacientes (73%), seguido de fluxo arterial subcapsular em seis (23%), cisto no porta hepatis em quatro (15%), imagens hipoecoicas arredondadas ou lineares no interior do cordão em três (11%) e síndrome da poliesplenia em três pacientes (11%).
CONCLUSÃO: O ultrassom é o método diagnóstico de escolha na avaliação dos pacientes com colestase suspeitos para atresia de vias biliares, permitindo a suspeição e a indicação correta da laparotomia com colangiografia intraoperatória.

Palavras-chave: Diagnóstico; Abdome/fisiopatologia; Vesícula biliar/fisiopatologia; Ultrassonografia/métodos; Atresia biliar/diagnóstico por imagem; Pediatria.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate and identify the main abdominal ultrasound findings in patients with biliary atresia (BA).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study of the ultrasound images of 44 patients with neonatal cholestasis. We excluded 18 patients in whom a final diagnosis of BA was not confirmed or who were lost to clinical follow-up. The main ultrasound findings evaluated were gallbladder length and morphology; triangular cord thickness; hepatic artery enlargement; hepatic subcapsular flow; cysts in the porta hepatis; presence of a distinct triangular cord with linear, tubular, or round hypoechoic portions; and polysplenia syndrome.
RESULTS: Abnormal gallbladder morphology and triangular cord thickening were the main ultrasound findings in the patients with BA. Gallbladder abnormalities were present in all patients. Hepatic artery enlargement was the third most common finding, present in 19 (73%) patients. Six patients (23%) had subcapsular arterial flow and four (15%) had cysts in the porta hepatis. Hypoechoic or cystic portions of the triangular cord were present in three patients (11%), and we found that BA was accompanied by polysplenia syndrome in three patients (11%).
CONCLUSION: Ultrasound is the examination of greatest diagnostic relevance in the investigation of cholestasis in newborns and infants; it enables the establishment of BA suspicion and the indication for laparotomy with intraoperative cholangiography.

Keywords: Diagnosis; Abdomen/physiopathology; Gallbladder/physiopathology; Ultrasonography/methods; Biliary atresia/diagnostic imaging; Pediatrics


THE CONTENT OF THIS ARTICLE IS NOT AVAILABLE FOR THIS FORMAT.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under an Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), effective June 9, 2022. Previously, the journal was licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - Non-Commercial - Share Alike 4.0 International License.

Site Map



  • SPONSORED BY

Av.Paulista, 37 - 7° andar - Conj. 71 - CEP 01311-902 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil - Phone: (11) 3372-4554 - Fax: (11) 3372-4554

© All rights reserved 2025 - Radiologia Brasileira