Glenohumeral cartilage lesions represent a significant challenge in both diagnosis and management due to the complex anatomy of the joint and the variability in lesion presentation. In this review, we elucidate the anatomical considerations of the glenohumeral joint, discuss multimodal diagnostic imaging strategies, and highlight imaging features critical for the effective management of focal and diffuse cartilage lesions in the glenohumeral joint, especially in the preoperative context. We also present the role of advanced magnetic resonance imaging techniques and the crucial parameters that radiologists must report in preoperative planning, in order to optimize outcomes in clinical practice.

Keywords: Shoulder joint; Osteoarthritis; Cartilage, articular; Diagnostic imaging; Preoperative care.